Hopper

5 definitions found

From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:

  Grasshopper \Grass"hop`per\, n.
     1. (Zool.) Any jumping, orthopterous insect, of the families
        {Acridid[ae]} and {Locustid[ae]}, having large hind legs
        adapted for leaping, and chewing mouth parts. The species
        and genera are very numerous and some are very destructive
        to crops. The former family includes the Western


        grasshopper or locust ({Caloptenus spretus}), noted for
        the great extent of its ravages in the region beyond the
        Mississippi. In the Eastern United States the red-legged
        ({Caloptenus femurrubrum} and {C. atlanis}) are closely
        related species, but their ravages are less important.
        They are closely related to the migratory locusts of the
        Old World. See {Locust}.
        [1913 Webster +PJC]
  
     Note: The meadow or green grasshoppers belong to the
           {Locustid[ae]}. They have long antenn[ae], large
           ovipositors, and stridulating organs at the base of the
           wings in the male. The European great green grasshopper
           ({Locusta viridissima}) belongs to this family. The
           common American green species mostly belong to
           {Xiphidium}, {Orchelimum}, and {Conocephalus}.
           [1913 Webster]
  
     2. In ordinary square or upright pianos of London make, the
        escapement lever or jack, so made that it can be taken out
        and replaced with the key; -- called also the {hopper.}
        --Grove.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     3. (Mil.) An antipersonnel mine that jumps from the ground to
        body height when activated, and explodes, hurling metal
        fragments over a wide area.
        [PJC]
  
     4. A mixed alcoholic beverage containing cr[`e]me de menthe,
        light cream, and sometimes cr[`e]me de cacao. The name
        comes from its light green color.
        [PJC]
  
     {Grasshopper engine}, a steam engine having a working beam
        with its fulcrum at one end, the steam cylinder at the
        other end, and the connecting rod at an intermediate
        point.
  
     {Grasshopper lobster} (Zool.) a young lobster. [Local, U. S.]
        
  
     {Grasshopper warbler} (Zool.), cricket bird.
        [1913 Webster]

From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:

  Hopper \Hop"per\, n. [See 1st {Hop}.]
     1. One who, or that which, hops.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     2. A chute, box, or receptacle, usually funnel-shaped with an
        opening at the lower part, for delivering or feeding any
        material, as to a machine; as, the wooden box with its
        trough through which grain passes into a mill by joining
        or shaking, or a funnel through which fuel passes into a
        furnace, or coal, etc., into a car.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     3. (Mus.) See {Grasshopper}, 2.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     4. pl. A game. See {Hopscotch}. --Johnson.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     5. (Zool.)
        (a) See {Grasshopper}, and {Frog hopper}, {Grape hopper},
            {Leaf hopper}, {Tree hopper}, under {Frog}, {Grape},
            {Leaf}, and {Tree}.
        (b) The larva of a cheese fly.
            [1913 Webster]
  
     6. (Naut.) A vessel for carrying waste, garbage, etc., out to
        sea, so constructed as to discharge its load by a
        mechanical contrivance; -- called also {dumping scow}.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     {Bell and hopper} (Metal.), the apparatus at the top of a
        blast furnace, through which the charge is introduced,
        while the gases are retained.
  
     {Hopper boy}, a rake in a mill, moving in a circle to spread
        meal for drying, and to draw it over an opening in the
        floor, through which it falls.
  
     {Hopper closet}, a water-closet, without a movable pan, in
        which the receptacle is a funnel standing on a draintrap.
        
  
     {Hopper cock}, a faucet or valve for flushing the hopper of a
        water-closet.
        [1913 Webster]

From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:

  Jack \Jack\ (j[a^]k), n. [F. Jacques James, L. Jacobus, Gr. ?,
     Heb. Ya 'aq[=o]b Jacob; prop., seizing by the heel; hence, a
     supplanter. Cf. {Jacobite}, {Jockey}.]
     [1913 Webster]
     1. A familiar nickname of, or substitute for, John.
        [1913 Webster]
  
              You are John Rugby, and you are Jack Rugby. --Shak.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     2. An impertinent or silly fellow; a simpleton; a boor; a
        clown; also, a servant; a rustic. "Jack fool." --Chaucer.
        [1913 Webster]
  
              Since every Jack became a gentleman,
              There 's many a gentle person made a Jack. --Shak.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     3. A popular colloquial name for a sailor; -- called also
        {Jack tar}, and {Jack afloat}.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     4. A mechanical contrivance, an auxiliary machine, or a
        subordinate part of a machine, rendering convenient
        service, and often supplying the place of a boy or
        attendant who was commonly called Jack; as:
        (a) A device to pull off boots.
        (b) A sawhorse or sawbuck.
        (c) A machine or contrivance for turning a spit; a smoke
            jack, or kitchen jack.
        (b) (Mining) A wooden wedge for separating rocks rent by
            blasting.
        (e) (Knitting Machine) A lever for depressing the sinkers
            which push the loops down on the needles.
        (f) (Warping Machine) A grating to separate and guide the
            threads; a heck box.
        (g) (Spinning) A machine for twisting the sliver as it
            leaves the carding machine.
        (h) A compact, portable machine for planing metal.
        (i) A machine for slicking or pebbling leather.
        (k) A system of gearing driven by a horse power, for
            multiplying speed.
        (l) A hood or other device placed over a chimney or vent
            pipe, to prevent a back draught.
        (m) In the harpsichord, an intermediate piece
            communicating the action of the key to the quill; --
            called also {hopper}.
        (n) In hunting, the pan or frame holding the fuel of the
            torch used to attract game at night; also, the light
            itself. --C. Hallock.
            [1913 Webster]
  
     5. A portable machine variously constructed, for exerting
        great pressure, or lifting or moving a heavy body such as
        an automobile through a small distance. It consists of a
        lever, screw, rack and pinion, hydraulic press, or any
        simple combination of mechanical powers, working in a
        compact pedestal or support and operated by a lever,
        crank, capstan bar, etc. The name is often given to a
        jackscrew, which is a kind of jack.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     6. The small bowl used as a mark in the game of bowls.
        --Shak.
        [1913 Webster]
  
              Like an uninstructed bowler who thinks to attain the
              jack by delivering his bowl straight forward upon
              it.                                   --Sir W.
                                                    Scott.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     7. The male of certain animals, as of the ass.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     8. (Zool.)
        (a) A young pike; a pickerel.
        (b) The jurel.
        (c) A large, California rock fish ({Sebastodes
            paucispinus}); -- called also {boccaccio}, and
            {m['e]rou}.
        (d) The wall-eyed pike.
            [1913 Webster]
  
     9. A drinking measure holding half a pint; also, one holding
        a quarter of a pint. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     10. (Naut.)
         (a) A flag, containing only the union, without the fly,
             usually hoisted on a jack staff at the bowsprit cap;
             -- called also {union jack}. The American jack is a
             small blue flag, with a star for each State.
         (b) A bar of iron athwart ships at a topgallant masthead,
             to support a royal mast, and give spread to the royal
             shrouds; -- called also {jack crosstree}. --R. H.
             Dana, Jr.
             [1913 Webster]
  
     11. The knave of a suit of playing cards.
  
     12. (pl.) A game played with small (metallic, with
         tetrahedrally oriented spikes) objects (the jacks(1950+),
         formerly jackstones) that are tossed, caught, picked up,
         and arranged on a horizontal surface in various patterns;
         in the modern American game, the movements are
         accompanied by tossing or bouncing a rubber ball on the
         horizontal surface supporting the jacks. same as
         {jackstones}.
         [PJC]
  
     13. Money. [slang]
         [PJC]
  
     14. Apple jack.
         [PJC]
  
     15. Brandy.
         [PJC]
  
     Note: Jack is used adjectively in various senses. It
           sometimes designates something cut short or diminished
           in size; as, a jack timber; a jack rafter; a jack arch,
           etc.
           [1913 Webster]
  
     {Jack arch}, an arch of the thickness of one brick.
  
     {Jack back} (Brewing & Malt Vinegar Manuf.), a cistern which
        receives the wort. See under 1st {Back}.
  
     {Jack block} (Naut.), a block fixed in the topgallant or
        royal rigging, used for raising and lowering light masts
        and spars.
  
     {Jack boots}, boots reaching above the knee; -- worn in the
        17 century by soldiers; afterwards by fishermen, etc.
  
     {Jack crosstree}. (Naut.) See 10, b, above.
  
     {Jack curlew} (Zool.), the whimbrel.
  
     {Jack frame}. (Cotton Spinning) See 4
         (g), above.
  
     {Jack Frost}, frost or cold weather personified as a
        mischievous person.
  
     {Jack hare}, a male hare. --Cowper.
  
     {Jack lamp}, a lamp for still hunting and camp use. See def.
        4
         (n.), above.
  
     {Jack plane}, a joiner's plane used for coarse work.
  
     {Jack post}, one of the posts which support the crank shaft
        of a deep-well-boring apparatus.
  
     {Jack pot} (Poker Playing), the name given to the stakes,
        contributions to which are made by each player
        successively, till such a hand is turned as shall take the
        "pot," which is the sum total of all the bets. See also
        {jackpot}.
  
     {Jack rabbit} (Zool.), any one of several species of large
        American hares, having very large ears and long legs. The
        California species ({Lepus Californicus}), and that of
        Texas and New Mexico ({Lepus callotis}), have the tail
        black above, and the ears black at the tip. They do not
        become white in winter. The more northern prairie hare
        ({Lepus campestris}) has the upper side of the tail white,
        and in winter its fur becomes nearly white.
  
     {Jack rafter} (Arch.), in England, one of the shorter rafters
        used in constructing a hip or valley roof; in the United
        States, any secondary roof timber, as the common rafters
        resting on purlins in a trussed roof; also, one of the
        pieces simulating extended rafters, used under the eaves
        in some styles of building.
  
     {Jack salmon} (Zool.), the wall-eyed pike, or glasseye.
  
     {Jack sauce}, an impudent fellow. [Colloq. & Obs.]
  
     {Jack shaft} (Mach.), the first intermediate shaft, in a
        factory or mill, which receives power, through belts or
        gearing, from a prime mover, and transmits it, by the same
        means, to other intermediate shafts or to a line shaft.
  
     {Jack sinker} (Knitting Mach.), a thin iron plate operated by
        the jack to depress the loop of thread between two
        needles.
  
     {Jack snipe}. (Zool.) See in the Vocabulary.
  
     {Jack staff} (Naut.), a staff fixed on the bowsprit cap, upon
        which the jack is hoisted.
  
     {Jack timber} (Arch.), any timber, as a rafter, rib, or
        studding, which, being intercepted, is shorter than the
        others.
  
     {Jack towel}, a towel hung on a roller for common use.
  
     {Jack truss} (Arch.), in a hip roof, a minor truss used where
        the roof has not its full section.
  
     {Jack tree}. (Bot.) See 1st {Jack}, n.
  
     {Jack yard} (Naut.), a short spar to extend a topsail beyond
        the gaff.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     {Blue jack}, blue vitriol; sulphate of copper.
  
     {Hydraulic jack}, a jack used for lifting, pulling, or
        forcing, consisting of a compact portable hydrostatic
        press, with its pump and a reservoir containing a supply
        of liquid, as oil.
  
     {Jack-at-a-pinch}.
         (a) One called upon to take the place of another in an
             emergency.
         (b) An itinerant parson who conducts an occasional
             service for a fee.
  
     {Jack-at-all-trades}, one who can turn his hand to any kind
        of work.
  
     {Jack-by-the-hedge} (Bot.), a plant of the genus {Erysimum}
        ({Erysimum alliaria}, or {Alliaria officinalis}), which
        grows under hedges. It bears a white flower and has a
        taste not unlike garlic. Called also, in England,
        {sauce-alone}. --Eng. Cyc.
  
     {Jack-in-office}, an insolent fellow in authority. --Wolcott.
  
     {Jack-in-the-bush} (Bot.), a tropical shrub with red fruit
        ({Cordia Cylindrostachya}).
  
     {Jack-in-the-green}, a chimney sweep inclosed in a framework
        of boughs, carried in Mayday processions.
  
     {Jack-of-the-buttery} (Bot.), the stonecrop ({Sedum acre}).
        
  
     {Jack-of-the-clock}, a figure, usually of a man, on old
        clocks, which struck the time on the bell.
  
     {Jack-on-both-sides}, one who is or tries to be neutral.
  
     {Jack-out-of-office}, one who has been in office and is
        turned out. --Shak.
  
     {Jack the Giant Killer}, the hero of a well-known nursery
        story.
  
     {Yellow Jack} (Naut.), the yellow fever; also, the quarantine
        flag. See {Yellow flag}, under {Flag}.
        [1913 Webster]

From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:

  hopper
       n 1: funnel-shaped receptacle; contents pass by gravity into a
            receptacle below
       2: someone who hops; "at hopscotch, the best hoppers are the
          children"
       3: a machine used for picking hops [syn: {hop-picker}]
       4: terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for
          leaping [syn: {grasshopper}]
       5: (baseball) a hit that travels along the ground [syn: {grounder},
           {ground ball}, {groundball}]

From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:

  29 Moby Thesaurus words for "hopper":
     broad jumper, bucking bronco, buckjumper, cicada, cicala, cricket,
     dog-day cicada, flea, frog, gazelle, goat, grasshopper,
     high jumper, hoppergrass, hurdle racer, hurdler, jackrabbit,
     jumper, jumping bean, jumping jack, kangaroo, leaper, locust,
     pole vaulter, salmon, stag, sunfisher, timber topper, vaulter