Sulphur definition

Sulphur





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6 definitions found

From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:

  Sulphur \Sul"phur\, n. [L., better sulfur: cf. F. soufre.]
     1. (Chem.) A nonmetallic element occurring naturally in large
        quantities, either combined as in the sulphides (as
        pyrites) and sulphates (as gypsum), or native in volcanic
        regions, in vast beds mixed with gypsum and various earthy
        materials, from which it is melted out. Symbol S. Atomic


        weight 32. The specific gravity of ordinary octohedral
        sulphur is 2.05; of prismatic sulphur, 1.96.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     Note: It is purified by distillation, and is obtained as a
           lemon-yellow powder (by sublimation), called flour, or
           flowers, of sulphur, or in cast sticks called roll
           sulphur, or brimstone. It burns with a blue flame and a
           peculiar suffocating odor. It is an ingredient of
           gunpowder, is used on friction matches, and in medicine
           (as a laxative and insecticide), but its chief use is
           in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphur can be
           obtained in two crystalline modifications, in
           orthorhombic octahedra, or in monoclinic prisms, the
           former of which is the more stable at ordinary
           temperatures. Sulphur is the type, in its chemical
           relations, of a group of elements, including selenium
           and tellurium, called collectively the sulphur group,
           or family. In many respects sulphur resembles oxygen.
           [1913 Webster]
  
     2. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of yellow or orange
        butterflies of the subfamily {Pierinae}; as, the clouded
        sulphur ({Eurymus philodice} syn. {Colias philodice}),
        which is the common yellow butterfly of the Eastern United
        States.
        [1913 Webster]
  
     {Amorphous sulphur} (Chem.), an elastic variety of sulphur of
        a resinous appearance, obtained by pouring melted sulphur
        into water. On standing, it passes back into a brittle
        crystalline modification.
  
     {Liver of sulphur}. (Old Chem.) See {Hepar}.
  
     {Sulphur acid}. (Chem.) See {Sulphacid}.
  
     {Sulphur alcohol}. (Chem.) See {Mercaptan}.
  
     {Sulphur auratum} [L.] (Old Chem.), a golden yellow powder,
        consisting of antimonic sulphide, {Sb2S5}, -- formerly a
        famous nostrum.
  
     {Sulphur base} (Chem.), an alkaline sulphide capable of
        acting as a base in the formation of sulphur salts
        according to the old dual theory of salts. [Archaic]
  
     {Sulphur dioxide} (Chem.), a colorless gas, {SO2}, of a
        pungent, suffocating odor, produced by the burning of
        sulphur. It is employed chiefly in the production of
        sulphuric acid, and as a reagent in bleaching; -- called
        also {sulphurous anhydride}, and formerly {sulphurous
        acid}.
  
     {Sulphur ether} (Chem.), a sulphide of hydrocarbon radicals,
        formed like the ordinary ethers, which are oxides, but
        with sulphur in the place of oxygen.
  
     {Sulphur salt} (Chem.), a salt of a sulphacid; a sulphosalt.
        
  
     {Sulphur showers}, showers of yellow pollen, resembling
        sulphur in appearance, often carried from pine forests by
        the wind to a great distance.
  
     {Sulphur trioxide} (Chem.), a white crystalline solid, {SO3},
        obtained by oxidation of sulphur dioxide. It dissolves in
        water with a hissing noise and the production of heat,
        forming sulphuric acid, and is employed as a dehydrating
        agent. Called also {sulphuric anhydride}, and formerly
        {sulphuric acid}.
  
     {Sulphur whale}. (Zool.) See {Sulphur-bottom}.
  
     {Vegetable sulphur} (Bot.), lycopodium powder. See under
        {Lycopodium}.
        [1913 Webster]

From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:

  sulphur
       n : an abundant tasteless odorless multivalent nonmetallic
           element; best known in yellow crystals; occurs in many
           sulphide and sulphate minerals and even in native form
           (especially in volcanic regions) [syn: {sulfur}, {S}, {atomic
           number 16}]
       v : treat with sulphur in order to preserve; "These dried fruits
           are sulphured" [syn: {sulfur}]

From Elements database 20001107 [elements]:

  sulphur
  Symbol: S
  Atomic number: 16
  Atomic weight: 32.064
  Yellow, nonmetallic element belonging to group 16 of the periodic table.
  It is an essential element in living organisms, needed in the amino acids
  cysteine and methionine, and hence in many proteins. Absorbed by plants
  from the soil as sulphate ion.
  
  

From U.S. Gazetteer (1990) [gazetteer]:

  Sulphur, IN
    Zip code(s): 47174
  Sulphur, KY
    Zip code(s): 40070
  Sulphur, LA (city, FIPS 73640)
    Location: 30.22950 N, 93.35645 W
    Population (1990): 20125 (7812 housing units)
    Area: 25.2 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
    Zip code(s): 70663
  Sulphur, OK (city, FIPS 71350)
    Location: 34.50673 N, 96.97698 W
    Population (1990): 4824 (2199 housing units)
    Area: 10.9 sq km (land), 0.4 sq km (water)
    Zip code(s): 73086

From U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000) [gaz-place]:

  Sulphur, OK -- U.S. city in Oklahoma
     Population (2000):    4794
     Housing Units (2000): 2220
     Land area (2000):     6.818133 sq. miles (17.658882 sq. km)
     Water area (2000):    0.145305 sq. miles (0.376337 sq. km)
     Total area (2000):    6.963438 sq. miles (18.035219 sq. km)
     FIPS code:            71350
     Located within:       Oklahoma (OK), FIPS 40
     Location:             34.509159 N, 96.975371 W
     ZIP Codes (1990):     73086
     Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
     Headwords:
      Sulphur, OK
      Sulphur
  

From U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000) [gaz-place]:

  Sulphur, LA -- U.S. city in Louisiana
     Population (2000):    20512
     Housing Units (2000): 8665
     Land area (2000):     10.040262 sq. miles (26.004157 sq. km)
     Water area (2000):    0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km)
     Total area (2000):    10.040262 sq. miles (26.004157 sq. km)
     FIPS code:            73640
     Located within:       Louisiana (LA), FIPS 22
     Location:             30.230355 N, 93.360837 W
     ZIP Codes (1990):     70663
     Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.
     Headwords:
      Sulphur, LA
      Sulphur
  

















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