Slander definition

Slander





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5 definitions found

From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:

  Slander \Slan"der\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Slandered}; p. pr. &
     vb. n. {Slandering}.]
     1. To defame; to injure by maliciously uttering a false
        report; to tarnish or impair the reputation of by false
        tales maliciously told or propagated; to calumniate.
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              O, do not slander him, for he is kind. --Shak.
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     2. To bring discredit or shame upon by one's acts.
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              Tax not so bad a voice
              To slander music any more than once.  --Shak.
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     Syn: To asperse; defame; calumniate; vilify; malign; belie;
          scandalize; reproach. See {Asperse}.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:

  Slander \Slan"der\, n. [OE. sclandere, OF. esclandre, esclandle,
     escandre, F. esclandre, fr. L. scandalum, Gr. ??? a snare,
     stumbling block, offense, scandal; probably originally, the
     spring of a trap, and akin to Skr. skand to spring, leap. See
     {Scan}, and cf. {Scandal}.]
     1. A false tale or report maliciously uttered, tending to
        injure the reputation of another; the malicious utterance
        of defamatory reports; the dissemination of malicious
        tales or suggestions to the injury of another.
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              Whether we speak evil of a man to his face or behind
              his back; the former way, indeed, seems to be the
              most generous, but yet is a great fault, and that
              which we call "reviling;" the latter is more mean
              and base, and that which we properly call "slander",
              or "Backbiting."                      --Tillotson.
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              [We] make the careful magistrate
              The mark of slander.                  --B. Jonson.
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     2. Disgrace; reproach; dishonor; opprobrium.
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              Thou slander of thy mother's heavy womb. --Shak.
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     3. (Law) Formerly, defamation generally, whether oral or
        written; in modern usage, defamation by words spoken;
        utterance of false, malicious, and defamatory words,
        tending to the damage and derogation of another; calumny.
        See the Note under {Defamation}. --Burril.
        [1913 Webster]

From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:

  slander
       n 1: words falsely spoken that damage the reputation of another
       2: an abusive attack on a person's character or good name [syn:
           {aspersion}, {calumny}, {defamation}, {denigration}]
       v : charge falsely or with malicious intent; attack the good
           name and reputation of someone; "The journalists have
           defamed me!" "The article in the paper sullied my
           reputation" [syn: {defame}, {smirch}, {asperse}, {denigrate},
            {calumniate}, {smear}, {sully}, {besmirch}]

From Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 [moby-thes]:

  56 Moby Thesaurus words for "slander":
     asperse, assail, attack, backbite, backbiting, backstabbing,
     barefaced lie, belie, belittlement, bitchiness, blackwash,
     calumniate, calumniation, calumny, cattiness,
     character assassination, consummate lie, damage, decry, defamation,
     defamation of character, defame, denigrate, depreciation, dirt,
     disparage, disparagement, gossip column, hurt, injure,
     juicy morsel, libel, malicious gossip, malign, misrepresentation,
     monstrous lie, muckrake, muckraking, obloquy, out-and-out lie,
     roorback, scandal, scandalmongering, slur, smear, strumpet, tale,
     tear down, the big lie, tidbit, traduce, traducement, vilification,
     vilify, whispering campaign, whopper
  
  

From Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856) [bouvier]:

  SLANDER, torts. The defaming a man in his reputation by speaking or writing 
  words which affect his life, office, or trade, or which tend to his loss of 
  preferment in marriage or service, or in his inheritance, or which occasion 
  any other particular damage. Law of Nisi Prius, 3. In England, if slander be 
  spoken of a peer, or other great man, it is called Scandalum Magnatum. 
  Falsity and malice are ingredients of slander. Bac. Abr. Slander. Written or 
  printed slanders are libels; see that word. 
       2. Here it is proposed to treat of verbal slander only, which may be 
  considered with reference to, 1st. The nature of the accusation. 2d. The 
  falsity of the charge. 3d. The mode of publication. 4th. The occasion; and 
  5th. The malice or motive of the slander. 
       3.-Sec. 1. Actionable words are of two descriptions; first, those 
  actionable in themselves, without proof of special damages and, secondly, 
  those actionable only in respect of some actual consequential damages. 
       4.-1. Words of the first description must impute: 1st. The guilt of 
  some offence for which the party, if guilty, might be indicted and punished 
  by the criminal courts; as to call a person a "traitor," "thief," 
  "highwayman;" or to say that he is guilty of "perjury," "forgery," "murder," 
  and the like. And although the imputation of guilt be general, without 
  stating the particulars of the pretended crime, it is actionable. Cro. Jac. 
  114, 142; 6 T. R. 674; 3 Wils. 186; 2 Vent. 266; 2 New Rep. 335. See 3 Serg. 
  & Rawle, 255 7 Serg. & Rawle, 451; 1 Binn. 452; 5 Binn. 218; 3 Serg. & 
  Rawle, 261; 2 Binn. 34; 4 Yeates, 423; 10 Serg. & Rawle, 44; Stark. on 
  Slander, 13 to 42; 8 Mass. 248; 13 Johns. 124; Id. 275. 
       5.-2d. That the party has a disease or distemper which renders him 
  unfit for society. Bac. Abr. Slander, B 2. An action can therefore be 
  sustained for calling a man a leper. Cro. Jac. 144 Stark. on Slander, 97. 
  But charging another with having had a contagious disease is not actionable, 
  as he will not, on that account, be excluded from society. 2 T. R. 473, 4; 2 
  Str. 1189; Bac. Abr. tit. Slander, B 2. A charge which renders a man 
  ridiculous, and impairs the enjoyment of general society, and injures those 
  imperfect rights of friendly intercourse and mutual benevolence which man 
  has with respect to man, is also actionable. Holt on Libels, 221. 
       6.-3d. Unfitness in an officer, who holds an office to which profit or 
  emolument is attached, either in respect of morals or inability to discharge 
  the duties of the office in such a case an action lies. 1 Salk. 695, 698; 
  Rolle, Ab. 65; 2 Esp. R. 500; 5 Co. 125; 4 Co. 16 a; 1 Str. 617; 2 Ld. Raym. 
  1369; Bull. N. P. 4; Holt on Libels, 207; Stark. on Slander, 100. 
       7.-4th. The want of integrity or capacity, whether mental or pecuniary, 
  in the conduct of a profession, trade or business, in which the party is 
  engaged, is actionable, 1 Mal. Entr. 244 as to accuse an attorney or artist 
  of inability, inattention, or want of integrity; 3 Wils. 187; 2 Bl. Rep. 
  750; or a clergyman of being a drunkard; 1 Binn. 178; is actionable. See 
  Holt on Libels, 210; Id. 217. 
       8.-2. Of the second class are words which are actionable only in 
  respect of special damages sustained by the party slandered. Though the law 
  will not permit in these cases the inference of damage, yet when the damage 
  has actually been sustained, the party aggrieved may support an action for 
  the publication of an untruth; 1 Lev. 53; 1 Sid. 79, 80; 3 Wood. 210; 2 
  Leon. 111; unless the assertion be made for the assertion of a supposed 
  claim; Com. Dig. tit. Action upon the case for Defamation, D 30; Bac. Ab. 
  Slander, B; but it lies if maliciously spoken. See 1 Rolle, Ab. 36 1 Saund. 
  243 Bac. Abr. Slander, C; 8 T. R. 130 8 East, R. 1; Stark. on Slander, 157. 
       9.-Sec. 2. The charge must be false; 5 Co. 125, 6; Hob. 253; the 
  falsity of the accusation is to be implied till the contrary is shown. 2 
  East, R. 436; 1 Saund. 242. The instance of a master making an unfavorable 
  representation of his servant, upon an application for his character, seems 
  to be an exception, in that case there being a presumption from the occasion 
  of the speaking, that the words were true. 1 T. R. 111; 3 B. & P. 587; 
  Stark. on Slander, 44, 175, 223. 
       10.-Sec. 3. The slander must, of course, be published, that is, 
  communicated to a third person; and if verbal, then in a language which he 
  understands, otherwise the plaintiff's reputation is not impaired. 1 Rolle, 
  Ab. 74; Cro. Eliz. 857; 1 Saund. 2425 n. 3; Bac. Abr. Slander, D 3. A letter 
  addressed to the party, containing libelous matter, is not sufficient to 
  maintain a civil action, though it may subject the libeler to an indictment, 
  as tending to a breach of the peace; 2 Bl. R. 1038; 1 T. R. 110; 1 Saund. 
  l32, n. 2; 4 Esp. N. P. R. 117; 2 Esp. N. P. R. 623; 2 East, R. 361; the 
  slander must be published respecting the plaintiff; a mother cannot maintain 
  an action for calling her daughter a bastard. 11 Serg. & Rawle, 343. As to 
  the case of a man who repeats the slander invented by another, see Stark. on 
  Slander, 213; 2 P. A. Bro. R. 89; 3 Yeates, 508; 3 Binn. 546. 
       11.-Sec. 4. To render words actionable, they must be uttered without 
  legal occasion. On some occasions it is justifiable to utter slander of 
  another, in others it is excusable, provided it be uttered without express 
  malice. Bac. Ab. Slander, D 4; Rolle, Ab. 87; 1 Vin. Ab. 540. It is 
  justifiable for au attorney to use scandalizing expressions in support of 
  his client's cause and pertinent thereto. 1 M. & S. 280; 1 Holt's R. 531; 1 
  B. & A. 232; see 2 Serg. & Rawle, 469; 1 Binn. 178; 4 Yeates, 322; 1 P. A. 
  Browne's R. 40; 11 Verm. R. 536; Stark. on Slander, 182. Members of congress 
  and other legislative assemblies cannot be called to account for anything 
  said in debate. 
       12.-Sec. 5. Malice is essential to the support of an action for 
  slanderous words. But malice is in general to be presumed until the contrary 
  be proved; 4 B. & C. 247; 1 Saund. 242, n. 2; 1 T. R. 1 11, 544; 1 East, R. 
  563; 2 East, R. 436; 2 New Rep. 335; Bull. N. P. 8; except in those cases 
  where the occasion prima facie excuses the publication. 4 B. & C. 247. See 
  14 Serg. & Rawle, 359; Stark. on Slander, 201. See, generally, Com. Dig. 
  tit. Action upon the case for Defamation; Bac. Abr. Slander; 1 Vin. Abr. 
  187; 1 Phillim. Ev. ch. 8; Yelv. 28, n.; Doctr. Plac. 53 Holt's Law of 
  Libels; Starkie on Slander, Ham. N. P. ch. 2, s. 3. 
  
  

















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