Kenya definition

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3 definitions found

From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:

  Kenya \Kenya\ prop. n.
     A country in East Africa, formerly a British colony.
     [WordNet 1.5]

From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:



  Kenya
       n : a republic in eastern Africa; achieved independence from the
           United Kingdom in 1963; major archeological discoveries
           have been made in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya [syn: {Republic
           of Kenya}]

From CIA World Factbook 2002 [world02]:

  Kenya
  
     Introduction Kenya
     ------------------
                              Background: Founding president and liberation
                                          struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led
                                          Kenya from independence until his
                                          death in 1978, when current
                                          President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI
                                          took power in a constitutional
                                          succession. The country was a de
                                          facto one-party state from 1969
                                          until 1982 when the ruling Kenya
                                          African National Union (KANU) made
                                          itself the sole legal party in
                                          Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and
                                          external pressure for political
                                          liberalization in late 1991. The
                                          ethnically fractured opposition
                                          failed to dislodge KANU from power
                                          in elections in 1992 and 1997, which
                                          were marred by violence and fraud,
                                          but are viewed as having generally
                                          reflected the will of the Kenyan
                                          people. The country faces a period
                                          of political uncertainty because MOI
                                          is constitutionally required to step
                                          down at the next election that has
                                          to be held by early 2003.
    
     Geography Kenya
     ---------------
                                Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian
                                          Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania
                  Geographic coordinates: 1 00 N, 38 00 E
                          Map references: Africa
                                    Area: total: 582,650 sq km
                                          water: 13,400 sq km
                                          land: 569,250 sq km
                      Area - comparative: slightly more than twice the size of
                                          Nevada
                         Land boundaries: total: 3,477 km
                                          border countries: Ethiopia 861 km,
                                          Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km,
                                          Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km
                               Coastline: 536 km
                         Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to
                                          the depth of exploitation
                                          exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
                                          territorial sea: 12 NM
                                 Climate: varies from tropical along coast to
                                          arid in interior
                                 Terrain: low plains rise to central highlands
                                          bisected by Great Rift Valley;
                                          fertile plateau in west
                      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
                                          highest point: Mount Kenya 5,199 m
                       Natural resources: gold, limestone, soda ash, salt
                                          barites, rubies, fluorspar, garnets,
                                          wildlife, hydropower
                                Land use: arable land: 7.03%
                                          permanent crops: 0.91%
                                          other: 92.06% (1998 est.)
                          Irrigated land: 670 sq km (1998 est.)
                         Natural hazards: recurring drought; flooding during
                                          rainy seasons
            Environment - current issues: water pollution from urban and
                                          industrial wastes; degradation of
                                          water quality from increased use of
                                          pesticides and fertilizers; water
                                          hyacinth infestation in Lake
                                          Victoria; deforestation; soil
                                          erosion; desertification; poaching
              Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                              agreements: Change, Desertification, Endangered
                                          Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of
                                          the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life
                                          Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban,
                                          Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
                                          Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
                                          signed, but not ratified: none of
                                          the selected agreements
                        Geography - note: the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of
                                          the most successful agricultural
                                          production regions in Africa;
                                          glaciers are found on Mount Kenya,
                                          Africa's second highest peak; unique
                                          physiography supports abundant and
                                          varied wildlife of scientific and
                                          economic value
    
     People Kenya
     ------------
                              Population: 31,138,735
                                          note: estimates for this country
                                          explicitly take into account the
                                          effects of excess mortality due to
                                          AIDS; this can result in lower life
                                          expectancy, higher infant mortality
                                          and death rates, lower population
                                          and growth rates, and changes in the
                                          distribution of population by age
                                          and sex than would otherwise be
                                          expected (July 2002 est.)
                           Age structure: 0-14 years: 41.1% (male 6,462,430;
                                          female 6,327,457)
                                          15-64 years: 56.1% (male 8,769,546;
                                          female 8,694,329)
                                          65 years and over: 2.8% (male
                                          385,361; female 499,612) (2002 est.)
                  Population growth rate: 1.15% (2002 est.)
                              Birth rate: 27.61 births/1,000 population (2002
                                          est.)
                              Death rate: 14.68 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                          est.)
                      Net migration rate: -1.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population
                                          note: according to UNHCR, by the end
                                          of 2001 Kenya was host to 220,000
                                          refugees from neighboring countries,
                                          including: Somalia 145,000 and Sudan
                                          68,000 (2002 est.)
                               Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
                                          under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
                                          15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
                                          65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/
                                          female
                                          total population: 1.01 male(s)/
                                          female (2002 est.)
                   Infant mortality rate: 67.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                          est.)
                Life expectancy at birth: total population: 47.02 years
                                          female: 47.85 years (2002 est.)
                                          male: 46.2 years
                    Total fertility rate: 3.34 children born/woman (2002 est.)
        HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 13.5% (2001 est.)
       HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 2.2 million (2000 est.)
                                    AIDS:
                       HIV/AIDS - deaths: 180,000 (1999 est.)
                             Nationality: noun: Kenyan(s)
                                          adjective: Kenyan
                           Ethnic groups: Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%,
                                          Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%,
                                          Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-
                                          African (Asian, European, and Arab)
                                          1%
                               Religions: Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 33%,
                                          indigenous beliefs 10%, Muslim 10%,
                                          other 2%
                                          note: a large majority of Kenyans
                                          are Christian, but estimates for the
                                          percentage of the population that
                                          adheres to Islam or indigenous
                                          beliefs vary widely
                               Languages: English (official), Kiswahili
                                          (official), numerous indigenous
                                          languages
                                Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                          and write
                                          total population: 78.1%
                                          male: 86.3%
                                          female: 70% (1995 est.)
    
     Government Kenya
     ----------------
                            Country name: conventional long form: Republic of
                                          Kenya
                                          conventional short form: Kenya
                                          former: British East Africa
                         Government type: republic
                                 Capital: Nairobi
                Administrative divisions: 7 provinces and 1 area*; Central,
                                          Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area*, North
                                          Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley,
                                          Western
                            Independence: 12 December 1963 (from UK)
                        National holiday: Independence Day, 12 December (1963)
                            Constitution: 12 December 1963, amended as a
                                          republic 1964; reissued with
                                          amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988,
                                          1991, 1992, 1997, and 2001
                            Legal system: based on Kenyan statutory law,
                                          Kenyan and English common law,
                                          tribal law, and Islamic law;
                                          judicial review in High Court;
                                          accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction,
                                          with reservations; constitutional
                                          amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de
                                          jure one-party state repealed in
                                          1991
                                Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                        Executive branch: chief of state: President Daniel
                                          Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October
                                          1978); note - the president is both
                                          the chief of state and head of
                                          government
                                          head of government: President Daniel
                                          Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October
                                          1978); note - the president is both
                                          the chief of state and head of
                                          government
                                          cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the
                                          president
                                          elections: president elected by
                                          popular vote from among the members
                                          of the National Assembly for a five-
                                          year term; in addition to receiving
                                          the largest number of votes in
                                          absolute terms, the presidential
                                          candidate must also win 25% or more
                                          of the vote in at least five of
                                          Kenya's seven provinces and one area
                                          to avoid a runoff; election last
                                          held 29 December 1997 (next to be
                                          held by early 2003); vice president
                                          appointed by the president
                                          election results: President Daniel
                                          Toroitich arap MOI reelected;
                                          percent of vote - Daniel T. arap MOI
                                          (KANU) 40.6%, Mwai KIBAKI (DP)
                                          31.5%, Raila ODINGA (NDP) 11.1%,
                                          Michael WAMALWA (FORD-K) 8.4%,
                                          Charity NGILU (SDP) 7.8%
                      Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly or
                                          Bunge (222 seats; 210 members
                                          elected by popular vote to serve
                                          five-year terms, 12 so-called
                                          "nominated" members who are
                                          appointed by the president, but
                                          selected by the parties in
                                          proportion to their parliamentary
                                          vote totals)
                                          elections: last held 29 December
                                          1997 (next to be held by early 2003)
    
                                          election results: percent of vote by
                                          party - NA%; seats by party - KANU
                                          107, FORD-A 1, FORD-K 17, FORD-
                                          People 3, DP 39, NDP 21, SDP 15,
                                          SAFINA 5, smaller parties 2; seats
                                          appointed by the president - KANU 6,
                                          FORD-K 1, DP 2, SDP 1, NDP 1, SAFINA
                                          1
                         Judicial branch: Court of Appeal (chief justice is
                                          appointed by the president); High
                                          Court
           Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party of Kenya or DP
                                          [Mwai KIBAKI]; Forum for the
                                          Restoration of Democracy-Asili or
                                          FORD-A [Kenneth MATIBA, chairman];
                                          Forum for the Restoration of
                                          Democracy-Kenya or FORD-K [Michael
                                          Kijana WAMALWA]; Forum for the
                                          Restoration of Democracy-People or
                                          FORD-People [Kimaniwa NYOIKE,
                                          chairman]; Kenya African National
                                          Union or KANU [President Daniel
                                          Toroitich arap MOI] - the governing
                                          party; National Development Party or
                                          NDP [Raila ODINGA]; SAFINA [Farah
                                          MAALIM, chairman]; Social Democratic
                                          Party or SDP [James ORENGO,
                                          chairman]
            Political pressure groups and human rights groups; labor unions;
                                 leaders: Muslim organizations; National
                                          Convention Executive Council or
                                          NCEC, a proreform coalition of
                                          political parties and nongovernment
                                          organizations [Kivutha KIBWANA];
                                          Protestant National Council of
                                          Churches of Kenya or NCCK [Mutava
                                          MUSYIMI]; Roman Catholic and other
                                          Christian churches; Supreme Council
                                          of Kenya Muslims or SUPKEM [Shaykh
                                          Abdul Gafur al-BUSAIDY, chairman]
               International organization ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO,
                           participation: G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU,
                                          ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD,
                                          ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM,
                                          ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU,
                                          OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
                                          UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK,
                                          UNMOP, UNU, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
                                          WToO, WTrO
     Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Yusuf
                                          Abdulraham NZIBO
                                          consulate(s) general: offices in Los
                                          Angeles and New York are closed;
                                          mission to the UN remains open
                                          FAX: [1] (202) 462-3829
                                          telephone: [1] (202) 387-6101
                                          chancery: 2249 R Street NW,
                                          Washington, DC 20008
       Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador Johnnie
                                      US: CARSON
                                          embassy: US Embassy, Mombasa Road,
                                          Nairobi
                                          mailing address: Box 21A, Unit
                                          64100, APO AE 09831
                                          telephone: [254] (2) 537-800
                                          FAX: [254] (2) 537-810
                        Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of
                                          black (top), red, and green; the red
                                          band is edged in white; a large
                                          warrior's shield covering crossed
                                          spears is superimposed at the center
    
     Economy Kenya
     -------------
                      Economy - overview: Kenya, the regional hub for trade
                                          and finance in East Africa, is
                                          hampered by corruption and reliance
                                          upon several primary goods whose
                                          prices continue to decline.
                                          Following strong economic growth in
                                          1995 and 1996, Kenya's economy has
                                          stagnated, with GDP growth failing
                                          to keep up with the rate of
                                          population growth. In 1997, the IMF
                                          suspended Kenya's Enhanced
                                          Structural Adjustment Program due to
                                          the government's failure to maintain
                                          reforms and curb corruption. A
                                          severe drought from 1999 to 2000
                                          compounded Kenya's problems, causing
                                          water and energy rationing and
                                          reducing agricultural output. As a
                                          result, GDP contracted by 0.3% in
                                          2000. The IMF, which had resumed
                                          loans in 2000 to help Kenya through
                                          the drought, again halted lending in
                                          2001 when the government failed to
                                          institute several anticorruption
                                          measures. Despite the return of
                                          strong rains in 2001, weak commodity
                                          prices, endemic corruption, and low
                                          investment limited Kenya's economic
                                          growth to 1%, and Kenya is unlikely
                                          to see growth above 2% in 2002.
                                          Substantial IMF and other foreign
                                          support is essential to prevent a
                                          further decline in real per capita
                                          output.
                                     GDP: purchasing power parity - $31
                                          billion (2001 est.)
                  GDP - real growth rate: 1% (2001 est.)
                        GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,000
                                          (2001 est.)
             GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 24%
                                          industry: 13%
                                          services: 63% (2000 est.)
           Population below poverty line: 50% (2000 est.)
       Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 2%
                        percentage share: highest 10%: 37.2% (2000)
     Distribution of family income - Gini 44.5 (1994)
                                   index:
        Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.3% (2001 est.)
                             Labor force: 10 million (2001 est.)
             Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 75%-80%
                       Unemployment rate: 40% (2001 est.)
                                  Budget: revenues: $2.91 billion
                                          expenditures: $2.97 billion,
                                          including capital expenditures of
                                          $NA (2000 est.)
                              Industries: small-scale consumer goods (plastic,
                                          furniture, batteries, textiles,
                                          soap, cigarettes, flour),
                                          agricultural products processing;
                                          oil refining, cement; tourism
       Industrial production growth rate: -0.7% (2001 est.)
                Electricity - production: 4.616 billion kWh (2000)
      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 21.66%
                                          hydro: 70.4%
                                          other: 7.94% (2000)
                                          nuclear: 0%
               Electricity - consumption: 4.433 billion kWh (2000)
                   Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                   Electricity - imports: 140 million kWh (2000)
                  Agriculture - products: coffee, tea, corn, wheat, sugarcane,
                                          fruit, vegetables; dairy products,
                                          beef, pork, poultry, eggs
                                 Exports: $1.8 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
                   Exports - commodities: tea, horticultural products, coffee,
                                          petroleum products, fish, cement
                      Exports - partners: UK 13.5%, Tanzania 12.5%, Uganda
                                          12.0%, Germany 5.5% (2000)
                                 Imports: $3.1 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
                   Imports - commodities: machinery and transportation
                                          equipment, petroleum products, motor
                                          vehicles, iron and steel, resins and
                                          plastics
                      Imports - partners: UK 12%, UAE 9.8%, Japan 6.5%, India
                                          4.4% (2000)
                         Debt - external: $8 billion (2001 est.)
                Economic aid - recipient: $457 million (1997)
                                Currency: Kenyan shilling (KES)
                           Currency code: KES
                          Exchange rates: Kenyan shillings per US dollar -
                                          78.597 (January 2002), 78.563
                                          (2001), 76.176 (2000), 70.326
                                          (1999), 60.367 (1998), 58.732 (1997)
                             Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
    
     Communications Kenya
     --------------------
          Telephones - main lines in use: 310,000 (2001)
            Telephones - mobile cellular: 540,000 (2001)
                        Telephone system: general assessment: unreliable;
                                          little attempt to modernize except
                                          for service to business
                                          domestic: trunks are primarily
                                          microwave radio relay; business data
                                          commonly transferred by a very small
                                          aperture terminal (VSAT) system
                                          international: satellite earth
                                          stations - 4 Intelsat
                Radio broadcast stations: AM 24, FM 18, shortwave 6 (2001)
                                  Radios: 3.07 million (1997)
           Television broadcast stations: 8 (2002)
                             Televisions: 730,000 (1997)
                   Internet country code: .ke
       Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 65 (2001)
                          Internet users: 250,000 (2001)
    
     Transportation Kenya
     --------------------
                                Railways: total: 2,778 km
                                          narrow gauge: 2,778 km 1.000-m gauge
    
                                          note: the line connecting Nairobi
                                          with the port of Mombasa is the most
                                          important in the country
                                Highways: total: 63,800 km
                                          paved: 8,932 km
                                          unpaved: 54,868 km (2001)
                               Waterways: NA
                                          note: part of the Lake Victoria
                                          system is within the boundaries of
                                          Kenya
                               Pipelines: petroleum products 483 km
                       Ports and harbors: Kisumu, Lamu, Mombasa
                         Merchant marine: total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
                                          totaling 4,893 GRT/6,320 DWT
                                          ships by type: petroleum tanker 1,
                                          roll on/roll off 1 (2002 est.)
                                Airports: 231 (2001)
           Airports - with paved runways: total: 20
                                          over 3,047 m: 4
                                          2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
                                          1,524 to 2,437 m: 3
                                          914 to 1,523 m: 11
                                          under 914 m: 1 (2001)
         Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 211
                                          2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
                                          1,524 to 2,437 m: 14
                                          914 to 1,523 m: 111
                                          under 914 m: 85 (2001)
    
     Military Kenya
     --------------
                         Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force
          Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 7,938,865 (2002
                                            est.)
       Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 4,915,090 (2002
                                   service: est.)
             Military expenditures - dollar $179.2 million (FY01)
                                    figure:
         Military expenditures - percent of 1.8% (FY01)
                                       GDP:
    
     Transnational Issues Kenya
     --------------------------
                Disputes - international: since colonial times, Kenya's
                                          administrative boundary has extended
                                          beyond its treaty boundary into
                                          Sudan creating the "Ilemi Triangle";
                                          arms smuggling and Oromo rebel
                                          activities prompt strict border
                                          regime with Somalia
                           Illicit drugs: widespread harvesting of small plots
                                          of marijuana; transit country for
                                          South Asian heroin destined for
                                          Europe and North America; Indian
                                          methaqualone also transits on way to
                                          South Africa
    
                                         
  
  

















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