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3 definitions found
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Burundi \Burundi\ Burundian \Burundian\adj.
1. of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Burundi; as, the
Burundi capital.
[WordNet 1.5]
2. of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the Burundian
people; as, the Burundian population.
[WordNet 1.5]
From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:
Burundi
adj : of or relating to or characteristic of Burundi or its
people; "the Burundi capital" [syn: {Burundian}]
n : a landlocked republic in east central Africa on the
northeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika [syn: {Republic of
Burundi}]
From CIA World Factbook 2002 [world02]:
Burundi
Introduction Burundi
--------------------
Background: Burundi's first democratically
elected president was assassinated
in October 1993 after only four
months in office. Since then, some
200,000 Burundians have perished in
widespread, often intense ethnic
violence between Hutu and Tutsi
factions. Hundreds of thousands have
been internally displaced or have
become refugees in neighboring
countries. Burundian troops, seeking
to secure their borders, intervened
in the conflict in the Democratic
Republic of the Congo in 1998. More
recently, many of these troops have
been redeployed back to Burundi to
deal with periodic upsurges in rebel
activity. A new transitional
government, inaugurated on 1
November 2001, was to be the first
step towards holding national
elections in three years. However,
the unwillingness of the Hutu rebels
to enact a cease fire with Bujumbura
continues to obstruct prospects for
a sustainable peace.
Geography Burundi
-----------------
Location: Central Africa, east of Democratic
Republic of the Congo
Geographic coordinates: 3 30 S, 30 00 E
Map references: Africa
Area: total: 27,830 sq km
water: 2,180 sq km
land: 25,650 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Maryland
Land boundaries: total: 974 km
border countries: Democratic
Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda
290 km, Tanzania 451 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
Climate: equatorial; high plateau with
considerable altitude variation (772
m to 2,670 m above sea level);
average annual temperature varies
with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees
centigrade but is generally moderate
as the average altitude is about
1,700 m; average annual rainfall is
about 150 cm; wet seasons from
February to May and September to
November, and dry seasons from June
to August and December to January
Terrain: hilly and mountainous, dropping to a
plateau in east, some plains
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m
highest point: Mount Heha 2,670 m
Natural resources: nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides,
peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not
yet exploited), vanadium, arable
land, hydropower
Land use: arable land: 29.98%
permanent crops: 12.85%
other: 57.17% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land: 740 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards: flooding, landslides, drought
Environment - current issues: soil erosion as a result of
overgrazing and the expansion of
agriculture into marginal lands;
deforestation (little forested land
remains because of uncontrolled
cutting of trees for fuel); habitat
loss threatens wildlife populations
Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
agreements: Change, Climate Change-Kyoto
Protocol, Desertification,
Endangered Species, Hazardous
Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: Law of the
Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Geography - note: landlocked; straddles crest of the
Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera,
which drains into Lake Victoria, is
the most remote headstream of the
White Nile
People Burundi
--------------
Population: 6,373,002
note: estimates for this country
explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to
AIDS; this can result in lower life
expectancy, higher infant mortality
and death rates, lower population
and growth rates, and changes in the
distribution of population by age
and sex than would otherwise be
expected (July 2002 est.)
Age structure: 0-14 years: 46.5% (male 1,497,865;
female 1,466,455)
15-64 years: 50.7% (male 1,592,253;
female 1,640,254)
65 years and over: 2.8% (male
71,915; female 104,260) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.36% (2002 est.)
Birth rate: 39.87 births/1,000 population (2002
est.)
Death rate: 16.3 deaths/1,000 population (2002
est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002
est.)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/
female
total population: 0.99 male(s)/
female (2002 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 69.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
est.)
Life expectancy at birth: total population: 45.94 years
female: 46.83 years (2002 est.)
male: 45.08 years
Total fertility rate: 6.07 children born/woman (2002 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 11.32% (1999 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 360,000 (1999 est.)
AIDS:
HIV/AIDS - deaths: 39,000 (1999 est.)
Nationality: noun: Burundian(s)
adjective: Burundi
Ethnic groups: Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic)
14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans
3,000, South Asians 2,000
Religions: Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%,
Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs
23%, Muslim 10%
Languages: Kirundi (official), French
(official), Swahili (along Lake
Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura
area)
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
and write
total population: 35.3%
male: 49.3%
female: 22.5% (1995 est.)
Government Burundi
------------------
Country name: conventional long form: Republic of
Burundi
conventional short form: Burundi
local short form: Burundi
local long form: Republika y'u
Burundi
former: Urundi
Government type: republic
Capital: Bujumbura
Administrative divisions: 16 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura,
Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega,
Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba,
Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi,
Rutana, Ruyigi
Independence: 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship
under Belgian administration)
National holiday: Independence Day, 1 July (1962)
Constitution: 13 March 1992; provided for
establishment of a plural political
system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by
a Transitional Constitution which
enlarged the National Assembly and
created two vice presidents
Legal system: based on German and Belgian civil
codes and customary law; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage: NA years of age; universal adult
Executive branch: chief of state: President Pierre
BUYOYA (a Tutsi, was sworn in as
president of a transition government
on 1 November 2001; he is scheduled
to hold office for 18 months before
transferring power to his vice
president, a Hutu); Vice President
Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 1 November
2001)
head of government: President Pierre
BUYOYA (a Tutsi, was sworn in as
president of a transition government
on 1 November 2001; he is scheduled
to hold office for 18 months before
transferring power to his vice
president, a Hutu); Vice President
Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 1 November
2001)
cabinet: Council of Ministers
appointed by president
elections: NA; current president
assumed power following a coup on 25
July 1996 in which former President
NTIBANTUNGANYA was overthrown
Legislative branch: bicameral, consists of a National
Assembly or Assemblee Nationale
(expanded from 121 to approximately
140 seats under the transitional
government inaugurated 1 November
2001; members are elected by popular
vote to serve five-year terms) and a
Senate (54 seats; term length is
undefined, the current senators will
likely serve out the three-year
transition period)
elections: last held 29 June 1993
(next was scheduled to be held in
1998, but were suspended by
presidential decree in 1996;
elections are planned to follow the
completion of the three-year
transitional government)
election results: percent of vote by
party - FRODEBU 71.04%, UPRONA
21.4%, other 7.56%; seats by party -
FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16, civilians 27,
other parties 13
Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Cour Supreme;
Constitutional Court; Courts of
Appeal (there are three in separate
locations); Tribunals of First
Instance (17 at the province level
and 123 small local tribunals)
Political parties and leaders: the two national, mainstream,
governing parties are: Unity for
National Progress or UPRONA [Luc
RUKINGAMA, president]; Burundi
Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Jean
MINANI, president]
note: a multiparty system was
introduced after 1998, included are:
Burundi African Alliance for the
Salvation or ABASA [Terrence
NSANZE]; Rally for Democracy and
Economic and Social Development or
RADDES [Joseph NZENZIMANA]; Party
for National Redress or PARENA
[Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]; People's
Reconciliation Party or PRP [Mathias
HITIMANA]
Political pressure groups and Loosely organized Hutu and Tutsi
leaders: militias, often affiliated with Hutu
and Tutsi extremist parties or
subordinate to government security
forces
International organization ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC, CEPGL,
participation: ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM,
IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF,
Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW,
UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO,
WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas
NDIKUMANA
chancery: Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin
Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007
FAX: [1] (202) 342-2578
telephone: [1] (202) 342-2574
Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador Mary
US: Carlin YATES
embassy: Avenue des Etats-Unis,
Bujumbura
mailing address: B. P. 1720,
Bujumbura
telephone: [257] 223454
FAX: [257] 222926
Flag description: divided by a white diagonal cross
into red panels (top and bottom) and
green panels (hoist side and outer
side) with a white disk superimposed
at the center bearing three red six-
pointed stars outlined in green
arranged in a triangular design (one
star above, two stars below)
Economy Burundi
---------------
Economy - overview: Burundi is a landlocked, resource-
poor country with an underdeveloped
manufacturing sector. The economy is
predominantly agricultural with
roughly 90% of the population
dependent on subsistence
agriculture. Its economic health
depends on the coffee crop, which
accounts for 80% of foreign exchange
earnings. The ability to pay for
imports therefore rests largely on
the vagaries of the climate and the
international coffee market. Since
October 1993 the nation has suffered
from massive ethnic-based violence
which has resulted in the death of
more than 200,000 persons and the
displacement of about 800,000
others. Only one in four children go
to school, and more than one in ten
adults has HIV/AIDS. Foods,
medicines, and electricity remain in
short supply. Doubts regarding the
sustainability of peace continue to
impede development. A Geneva donors'
conference in November 2001 brought
$800 million in pledges, and an IMF-
staff-monitored program could lead
to a further agreement in 2002.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $3.7
billion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 1.4% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $600 (2001
est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 50%
industry: 18%
services: 32% (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line: 70% (2001 est.)
Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 3.4%
percentage share: highest 10%: 26.6% (1992)
Distribution of family income - Gini 33.3 (1992)
index:
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 14% (2001 est.)
Labor force: 1.9 million
Labor force - by occupation: NA
Unemployment rate: NA%
Budget: revenues: $125 million
expenditures: $176 million,
including capital expenditures of
$NA (2000 est.)
Industries: light consumer goods such as
blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of
imported components; public works
construction; food processing
Industrial production growth rate: 6.3% (1999 est.)
Electricity - production: 148 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 0.68%
other: 0% (2000)
hydro: 99.32%
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption: 166.64 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports: 29 million kWh
note: supplied by the Democratic
Republic of the Congo (2000)
Agriculture - products: coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum,
sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc
(tapioca); beef, milk, hides
Exports: $24 million (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Exports - commodities: coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides
Exports - partners: EU 52.5%, US 11.5%, Kenya 11.5%,
Switzerland 4.9% (2000 est.)
Imports: $125 million (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Imports - commodities: capital goods, petroleum products,
foodstuffs
Imports - partners: EU 37.6%, Tanzania 10.3%, Zambia
4.3%, India 3.4%, China 3.4% (2000
est.)
Debt - external: $1.12 billion (2001 est.)
Economic aid - recipient: $74 million (1999)
Currency: Burundi franc (BIF)
Currency code: BIF
Exchange rates: Burundi francs per US dollar -
865.14 (January 2002), 830.35
(2001), 720.67 (2000), 563.56
(1999), 477.77 (1998), 352.35 (1997)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications Burundi
----------------------
Telephones - main lines in use: 20,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 16,300 (2000)
Telephone system: general assessment: primitive system
domestic: sparse system of open
wire, radiotelephone communications,
and low-capacity microwave radio
relay
international: satellite earth
station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 0, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)
Radios: 440,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations: 1 (2001)
Televisions: 25,000 (1997)
Internet country code: .bi
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 1 (2000)
Internet users: 2,000 (2000)
Transportation Burundi
----------------------
Railways: 0 km
Highways: total: 14,480 km
paved: 1,028 km
unpaved: 13,452 km (1996)
Waterways: Lake Tanganyika
Ports and harbors: Bujumbura
Airports: 7 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways: total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2001)
Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 6
914 to 1,523 m: 3
under 914 m: 3 (2001)
Military Burundi
----------------
Military branches: Army (including naval and air
units), Gendarmerie
Military manpower - military age: 16 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 1,439,032 (2002
est.)
Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 752,584 (2002 est.)
service:
Military manpower - reaching males: 79,360 (2002 est.)
military age annually:
Military expenditures - dollar $36.9 million (FY01)
figure:
Military expenditures - percent of 5.3% (FY01)
GDP:
Transnational Issues Burundi
----------------------------
Disputes - international: Tutsi, Hutu, and other conflicting
ethnic groups, political rebels, and
various government forces continue
fighting in Great Lakes region,
transcending the boundaries of
Burundi, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda
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