Bangladesh definition

Bangladesh





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3 definitions found

From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:

  Bangladesh \Bangladesh\ prop. n.
     An independent Asian country on teh Bay of Bengal that was
     once part of India and then part of Pakistan (called East
     Pakistan).
  
     Syn: Bangla Desh, East Pakistan.


          [WordNet 1.5]

From WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]:

  Bangladesh
       n : a Muslim republic in southern Asia bordered by India to the
           north and west and east and the Bay of Bengal to the
           south; formerly part of India and then part of Pakistan;
           it achieved independence in 1971 [syn: {People's Republic
           of Bangladesh}, {Bangla Desh}, {East Pakistan}]

From CIA World Factbook 2002 [world02]:

  Bangladesh
  
     Introduction Bangladesh
     -----------------------
                                Background: Bangladesh came into existence in
                                            1971 when Bengali East Pakistan
                                            seceded from its union with West
                                            Pakistan. About a third of this
                                            extremely poor country floods
                                            annually during the monsoon rainy
                                            season, hampering economic
                                            development.
    
     Geography Bangladesh
     --------------------
                                Location: Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of
                                          Bengal, between Burma and India
                  Geographic coordinates: 24 00 N, 90 00 E
                          Map references: Asia
                                    Area: total: 144,000 sq km
                                          land: 133,910 sq km
                                          water: 10,090 sq km
                      Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Iowa
                         Land boundaries: total: 4,246 km
                                          border countries: Burma 193 km,
                                          India 4,053 km
                               Coastline: 580 km
                         Maritime claims: contiguous zone: 18 NM
                                          territorial sea: 12 NM
                                          continental shelf: up to the outer
                                          limits of the continental margin
                                          exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
                                 Climate: tropical; mild winter (October to
                                          March); hot, humid summer (March to
                                          June); humid, warm rainy monsoon
                                          (June to October)
                                 Terrain: mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in
                                          southeast
                      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
                                          highest point: Keokradong 1,230 m
                       Natural resources: natural gas, arable land, timber,
                                          coal
                                Land use: arable land: 60.7%
                                          permanent crops: 2.61%
                                          other: 36.69% (1998 est.)
                          Irrigated land: 38,440 sq km (1998 est.)
                         Natural hazards: droughts, cyclones; much of the
                                          country routinely inundated during
                                          the summer monsoon season
            Environment - current issues: many people are landless and forced
                                          to live on and cultivate flood-prone
                                          land; water-borne diseases prevalent
                                          in surface water; water pollution,
                                          especially of fishing areas, results
                                          from the use of commercial
                                          pesticides; ground water
                                          contaminated by naturally occurring
                                          arsenic; intermittent water
                                          shortages because of falling water
                                          tables in the northern and central
                                          parts of the country; soil
                                          degradation and erosion;
                                          deforestation; severe overpopulation
              Environment - international party to: Biodiversity, Climate
                              agreements: Change, Climate Change-Kyoto
                                          Protocol, Desertification,
                                          Endangered Species, Environmental
                                          Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law
                                          of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone
                                          Layer Protection, Wetlands
                                          signed, but not ratified: none of
                                          the selected agreements
                        Geography - note: most of the country is situated on
                                          deltas of large rivers flowing from
                                          the Himalayas: the Ganges unites
                                          with the Jamuna (main channel of the
                                          Brahmaputra) and later joins the
                                          Meghna to eventually empty into the
                                          Bay of Bengal
    
     People Bangladesh
     -----------------
                              Population: 133,376,684 (July 2002 est.)
                           Age structure: 0-14 years: 33.8% (male 23,069,242;
                                          female 21,995,457)
                                          15-64 years: 62.8% (male 42,924,778;
                                          female 40,873,077)
                                          65 years and over: 3.4% (male
                                          2,444,314; female 2,069,816) (2002
                                          est.)
                  Population growth rate: 1.59% (2002 est.)
                              Birth rate: 25.12 births/1,000 population (2002
                                          est.)
                              Death rate: 8.47 deaths/1,000 population (2002
                                          est.)
                      Net migration rate: -0.75 migrant(s)/1,000 population
                                          (2002 est.)
                               Sex ratio: at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
                                          under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
                                          15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
                                          65 years and over: 1.18 male(s)/
                                          female
                                          total population: 1.05 male(s)/
                                          female (2002 est.)
                   Infant mortality rate: 68.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2002
                                          est.)
                Life expectancy at birth: total population: 60.92 years
                                          female: 60.74 years (2002 est.)
                                          male: 61.08 years
                    Total fertility rate: 2.72 children born/woman (2002 est.)
        HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.02% (1999 est.)
       HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/ 13,000 (1999 est.)
                                    AIDS:
                       HIV/AIDS - deaths: 1,000 (1999 est.)
                             Nationality: noun: Bangladeshi(s)
                                          adjective: Bangladeshi
                           Ethnic groups: Bengali 98%, tribal groups, non-
                                          Bengali Muslims (1998)
                               Religions: Muslim 83%, Hindu 16%, other 1%
                                          (1998)
                               Languages: Bangla (official, also known as
                                          Bengali), English
                                Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read
                                          and write
                                          total population: 56%
                                          male: 63%
                                          female: 49% (2000 est.)
    
     Government Bangladesh
     ---------------------
                            Country name: conventional long form: People's
                                          Republic of Bangladesh
                                          conventional short form: Bangladesh
                                          former: East Pakistan
                         Government type: parliamentary democracy
                                 Capital: Dhaka
                Administrative divisions: 5 divisions; Barisal, Chittagong,
                                          Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi; note -
                                          there may be one additional division
                                          named Sylhet
                            Independence: 16 December 1971 (from West
                                          Pakistan); note - 26 March 1971 is
                                          the date of independence from West
                                          Pakistan, 16 December 1971 is known
                                          as Victory Day and commemorates the
                                          official creation of the state of
                                          Bangladesh
                        National holiday: Independence Day, 26 March (1971);
                                          note - 26 March 1971 is the date of
                                          independence from West Pakistan, 16
                                          December 1971 is Victory Day and
                                          commemorates the official creation
                                          of the state of Bangladesh
                            Constitution: 4 November 1972, effective 16
                                          December 1972, suspended following
                                          coup of 24 March 1982, restored 10
                                          November 1986, amended many times
                            Legal system: based on English common law
                                Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
                        Executive branch: chief of state: President A. Q. M.
                                          Badruddoza CHOWDHURY (since 12
                                          November 2001); note - the
                                          president's duties are normally
                                          ceremonial, but with the 13th
                                          amendment to the constitution
                                          ("Caretaker Government Amendment"),
                                          the president's role becomes
                                          significant at times when Parliament
                                          is dissolved and a caretaker
                                          government is installed - at
                                          presidential direction - to
                                          supervise the elections
                                          head of government: Prime Minister
                                          Khaleda ZIA (since 10 October 2001)
                                          cabinet: Cabinet selected by the
                                          prime minister and appointed by the
                                          president
                                          elections: president elected by
                                          National Parliament for a five-year
                                          term; election last held 1 October
                                          2001 (next to be held by NA October
                                          2006); following legislative
                                          elections, the leader of the party
                                          that wins the most seats is usually
                                          appointed prime minister by the
                                          president
                                          election results: A. Q. M.
                                          Badruddoza CHOWDHURY elected
                                          president without opposition;
                                          percent of National Parliament vote
                                          - NA%
                      Legislative branch: unicameral National Parliament or
                                          Jatiya Sangsad; 300 seats elected by
                                          popular vote from single territorial
                                          constituencies (the constitutional
                                          amendment reserving 30 seats for
                                          women over and above the 300 regular
                                          parliament seats expired in May
                                          2001); members serve five-year terms
    
                                          elections: last held 1 October 2001
                                          (next to be held before October
                                          2006)
                                          election results: percent of vote by
                                          party - BNP and alliance partners
                                          46%, AL 42%; seats by party - BNP
                                          201, AL 62, JI 18, JP (Ershad
                                          faction) 14, IOJ 2, JP (Naziur) 1,
                                          other 4; note - the election of
                                          October 2001 brought a majority BNP
                                          government aligned with three other
                                          smaller parties - Jamaat-i-Islami,
                                          Islami Oikya Jote, and Jatiya Party
                                          (Naziur)
                         Judicial branch: Supreme Court (the chief justices
                                          and other judges are appointed by
                                          the president)
           Political parties and leaders: Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA];
                                          Bangladesh Communist Party or BCP
                                          [Saifuddin Ahmed MANIK]; Bangladesh
                                          Nationalist Party or BNP [Khaleda
                                          ZIA, chairperson]; Islami Oikya Jote
                                          or IOJ [Mufti Fazlul Haq AMINI];
                                          Jamaat-E-Islami or JI [Motiur Rahman
                                          NIZAMI]; Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad
                                          faction) [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD];
                                          Jatiya Party (Manzur faction) [
                                          [Naziur Rahman MANZUR]
            Political pressure groups and NA
                                 leaders:
               International organization AsDB, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77,
                           participation: IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM,
                                          IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO,
                                          ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM,
                                          ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OIC,
                                          OPCW, SAARC, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD,
                                          UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE,
                                          UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNOMIG,
                                          UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO,
                                          WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
     Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Ahmad
                                          Tariq KARIM
                                          consulate(s) general: Los Angeles
                                          and New York
                                          FAX: [1] (202) 244-5366
                                          telephone: [1] (202) 244-0183
                                          chancery: 3510 International Drive
                                          NW, Washington, DC 20008
       Diplomatic representation from the chief of mission: Ambassador Mary
                                      US: Ann PETERS
                                          embassy: Madani Avenue, Baridhara,
                                          Dhaka
                                          mailing address: G. P. O. Box 323,
                                          Dhaka 1000
                                          telephone: [880] (2) 8824700 through
                                          8824722
                                          FAX: [880] (2) 8823744
                        Flag description: green with a large red disk slightly
                                          to the hoist side of center; the red
                                          sun of freedom represents the blood
                                          shed to achieve independence; the
                                          green field symbolizes the lush
                                          countryside, and secondarily, the
                                          traditional color of Islam
    
     Economy Bangladesh
     ------------------
                      Economy - overview: Despite sustained domestic and
                                          international efforts to improve
                                          economic and demographic prospects,
                                          Bangladesh remains a poor,
                                          overpopulated, and ill-governed
                                          nation. Although more than half of
                                          GDP is generated through the service
                                          sector, nearly two-thirds of
                                          Bangladeshis are employed in the
                                          agriculture sector, with rice as the
                                          single most important product. Major
                                          impediments to growth include
                                          frequent cyclones and floods,
                                          inefficient state-owned enterprises,
                                          inadequate port facilities, a
                                          rapidly growing labor force that
                                          cannot be absorbed by agriculture,
                                          delays in exploiting energy
                                          resources (natural gas),
                                          insufficient power supplies, and
                                          slow implementation of economic
                                          reforms. Economic reform is stalled
                                          in many instances by political
                                          infighting and corruption at all
                                          levels of government. Progress also
                                          has been blocked by opposition from
                                          the bureaucracy, public sector
                                          unions, and other vested interest
                                          groups. The newly-elected BNP
                                          government, led by Prime Minister
                                          Khaleda ZIA, has the parliamentary
                                          strength to push through needed
                                          reforms, but the party's level of
                                          political will to do so remains
                                          undetermined.
                                     GDP: purchasing power parity - $230
                                          billion (2001 est.)
                  GDP - real growth rate: 5.6% (2001 est.)
                        GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,750
                                          (2001 est.)
             GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 30%
                                          industry: 18%
                                          services: 52% (2000 est.)
           Population below poverty line: 35.6% (FY95/96 est.)
       Household income or consumption by lowest 10%: 3.9%
                        percentage share: highest 10%: 28.6% (1995-96 est.)
     Distribution of family income - Gini 33.6 (1995-96)
                                   index:
        Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.8% (2000 est.)
                             Labor force: 64.1 million (1998)
                                          note: extensive export of labor to
                                          Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman,
                                          Qatar, and Malaysia; workers'
                                          remittances estimated at $1.71
                                          billion in 1998-99
             Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 63%, services 26%,
                                          industry 11% (FY95/96)
                       Unemployment rate: 35% (2001 est.)
                                  Budget: revenues: $4.9 billion
                                          expenditures: $6.8 billion,
                                          including capital expenditures of
                                          $NA (FY99/00 est.)
                              Industries: cotton textiles, jute, garments, tea
                                          processing, paper newsprint, cement,
                                          chemical fertilizer, light
                                          engineering, sugar
       Industrial production growth rate: 6.2% (2001 est.)
                Electricity - production: 13.493 billion kWh (2000)
      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 92.45%
                                          hydro: 7.55%
                                          other: 0% (2000)
                                          nuclear: 0%
               Electricity - consumption: 12.548 billion kWh (2000)
                   Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2000)
                   Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2000)
                  Agriculture - products: rice, jute, tea, wheat, sugarcane,
                                          potatoes, tobacco, pulses, oilseeds,
                                          spices, fruit; beef, milk, poultry
                                 Exports: $6.6 billion (2001)
                   Exports - commodities: garments, jute and jute goods,
                                          leather, frozen fish and seafood
                      Exports - partners: US 31.8%, Germany 10.9%, UK 7.9%,
                                          France 5.2%, Netherlands 5.2%, Italy
                                          4.42% (2000)
                                 Imports: $8.7 billion (2001)
                   Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals,
                                          iron and steel, textiles, raw
                                          cotton, food, crude oil and
                                          petroleum products, cement
                      Imports - partners: India 10.5%, EU 9.5%, Japan 9.5%,
                                          Singapore 8.5%, China 7.4% (2000)
                         Debt - external: $17 billion (2000)
                Economic aid - recipient: $1.575 billion (2000 est.)
                                Currency: taka (BDT)
                           Currency code: BDT
                          Exchange rates: taka per US dollar - 57.756 (January
                                          2002), 55.807 (2001), 52.142 (2000),
                                          49.085 (1999), 46.906 (1998), 43.892
                                          (1997)
                             Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
    
     Communications Bangladesh
     -------------------------
          Telephones - main lines in use: 500,000 (2000)
            Telephones - mobile cellular: 283,000 (2000)
                        Telephone system: general assessment: totally
                                          inadequate for a modern country
                                          domestic: modernizing; introducing
                                          digital systems; trunk systems
                                          include VHF and UHF microwave radio
                                          relay links, and some fiber-optic
                                          cable in cities
                                          international: satellite earth
                                          stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian
                                          Ocean); international radiotelephone
                                          communications and landline service
                                          to neighboring countries (2000)
                Radio broadcast stations: AM 12, FM 12, shortwave 2 (1999)
                                  Radios: 6.15 million (1997)
           Television broadcast stations: 15 (1999)
                             Televisions: 770,000 (1997)
                   Internet country code: .bd
       Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 10 (2000)
                          Internet users: 30,000 (2000)
    
     Transportation Bangladesh
     -------------------------
                                Railways: total: 2,745 km
                                          broad gauge: 923 km 1.676-m gauge
                                          narrow gauge: 1,822 km 1.000-m gauge
                                          (2000 est.)
                                Highways: total: 201,182 km
                                          paved: 19,112 km
                                          unpaved: 182,070 km (1997)
                               Waterways: up to 8,046 km depending on season
                                          note: includes 3,058 km main cargo
                                          routes
                               Pipelines: natural gas 1,250 km
                       Ports and harbors: Chittagong, Dhaka, Mongla Port,
                                          Narayanganj (2001)
                         Merchant marine: total: 34 ships (1,000 GRT or over)
                                          totaling 269,932 GRT/379,271 DWT
                                          ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 26,
                                          container 3, petroleum tanker 2,
                                          refrigerated cargo 1, includes s
                                          foreign-owned ship registered here
                                          as a flag of convenience: Singapore
                                          5 (2002 est.)
                                Airports: 18 (2001)
           Airports - with paved runways: total: 15
                                          over 3,047 m: 1
                                          2,438 to 3,047 m: 4
                                          1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
                                          914 to 1,523 m: 1
                                          under 914 m: 5 (2001)
         Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 3
                                          1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
                                          under 914 m: 2 (2001)
    
     Military Bangladesh
     -------------------
                       Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard,
                                          paramilitary forces (includes
                                          Bangladesh Rifles, Bangladesh
                                          Ansars, Village Defense Parties,
                                          Armed Police Battalions, National
                                          Cadet Corps)
        Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 37,303,372 (2002
                                          est.)
     Military manpower - fit for military males age 15-49: 22,139,736 (2002
                                 service: est.)
           Military expenditures - dollar $559 million (FY96/97)
                                  figure:
       Military expenditures - percent of 1.8% (FY96/97)
                                     GDP:
    
     Transnational Issues Bangladesh
     -------------------------------
                Disputes - international: only a small portion of the boundary
                                          with India remains undelimited;
                                          discussions to demarcate the
                                          boundary, exchange 162 miniscule
                                          enclaves, and allocate divided
                                          villages remain stalled; skirmishes,
                                          illegal border trafficking, and
                                          violence along the border continue;
                                          Bangladesh has protested India's
                                          attempts to fence off high traffic
                                          sections of the porous boundary;
                                          Burmese attempts to construct a dam
                                          on the border stream in 2001
                                          prompted an armed response halting
                                          construction; Burmese Muslim
                                          refugees migrate into Bangladesh
                                          straining meager resources
                           Illicit drugs: transit country for illegal drugs
                                          produced in neighboring countries
    
                                         
  
  

















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